Filling nozzle with automatic shutoff



May 25, 1943 A. H. DAVIS, JR I 2,320,033

FILLING NOZZLE WITH AUTOMATIC SHUT-OFF N I y [Rn INVENTOR- AARCHIBALD H. DAVIS JR.

A TTORNE YS.

May 25, 1943. A.- H. DAvls, JR 4 2,320,033

FILLING NOZZLE WITH AUTOMATIC SHUT-OFF Filed April 24, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 N I N VEN TOR:

ARCHIBALD H. DA JR.

BY ,6M a C I M A TTORNE YS.

May 25, 1943. Y A, DAVIS,` JR `2,320,033

FILLING NozzLE WITH AUTOMATIC SHUT-OFF Filed April 24, 1959 5 *Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR: ARCHIBALD H. D VIS JR.

A TTORNE YS.

Patented May 25, 1943 Archibald H. Davis, Jr., to American Machin Rock Island, lll., assignor e and Metals, Inc., New a corporation o1' Delaware Application April 24, 1939, Serial No. 269,578

11 Claims.

The present invention relates to a filling nozzle for iilling a random container with liquid, the

i nozzle being equipped with a valve that is manually opened and automatically shut oil when the level of the liquid in the container being iilled reaches a given point on the nozzle.

The invention relates to a nozzle suitable for filling containers with a liquid through a bung hole or filling tube. i

The invention is particularly well adapted for a lling nozzle having a high capacity, requiring that substantially the whole area of the nozzle outlet be available for the stream of liquid discharging into the container. The .nozzle can be inserted into a filling opening but slightly larger than the cross section ofthe nozzle, it may be inserted at an angle, it need not be immersed Yto a substantial degree, to permit the mechanism to function.

The invention is suitable for filling closed containers having but a single opening which serves 1 both toflll the tank with theliquid and to let the air escape. Y

While I do not wish to limit my invention to a gasoline nozzle for lling automobile fuel tanks .it is particularly well adapted for that use and nozzles as have been used for many years in the iilling of standard containers such as barrels or bottles in" that the nozzle does not seal the opening during lling and it will function equally satisfactorily if the nozzle is opened only partially.

This invention relates particularly to a nozzle in which the ow of liquid is manually controlled land regulated, and in which the iiow is automatically cut off by the action of a vacuum created by the iiow of the liquid. This vacuum is created by an aspirator operatedv by the dow of liquid, and having a Venturi seat having an annular groove at the contracted part connected to the suction passage to insure a large capacity for the air injector.

A further aspect of the invention is a Venturi seat with an annular groove at the' contracted part connecting with the suction passage. This assures a large capacity of the air ejector.

Another aspect of the invention is a frictionless pressure-release latch so designed that a small force acting at right angles to the major stress can trip the latch against a heavy load without the complication of multiplying devices.

There may be a fire hazzard resulting from spilled fuel. It is essential that the operation be dependable and positive. If, as has frequently been attempted, the nozzle is to be shut oi by the action of a vacuum-upon a diaphragm when the level of the liquid in the container being filled rises to the inlet of a suction tube, it is essential that the apparatus be capable of creating a high degree of suction to` give such positive, prompt action.

My invention provides a much higher degree of vacuum than hitherto available to operate the nozzle. Instead of a suction of 6" of gasoline, a suction oi' over 25" is readily obtainable by drawi lng gasoline rather than air through a small ori- While automatic lling nozzles generally have been operated at the full rate of iiow until they shut oil', my invention provides a nozzle which permits manual control of the amount of valve opening and still the nozzle will shut oi when the level in the tank rises to the desired point, regardless of the rate of the flow at that time.

This is of great importance in filling successively various types of tanks with varying capacity and varying restrictions in their inlet pipe.

In order to function in a manner that will assure a flow through the throat at a speed high enough to assure a negative pressure under all conditions, a central flow-reducing needle has been provided. This needle moving in a manner correlated to the opening of the valve disc assures that the rate of flow through the annular section of the throat will remain reasonably constant over wide range of valve openings.

In an alternate form the cross section of the stream is varied by having a cone-shaped restricting member pushed upwards against the spring toward a conical seat by a light spring. This spring is so selected that at no flow the passage is substantially closed' but as the resistance of the spring is iight it will be pushed back as the volume of ow increases, thus preventing the building up of a. back pressure.

In order to secure a prompt and dependable action based upon vacuum created in a space which is controlled by the shutting off of an air vent that leaks into the vacuum it is necessary to have air-evacuating means of large capacity lSuch devices fail to take into account that in any Venturi measuring device pressure heads without appreciable flow are created while the action in the nozzle is more nearly that of an ejector. In order to secure a large-capacity ejector a circular air groove is run around the throat of the Venturi device.

This throat is not a part of the valve disc seat but is located below the valve.

To release vthe main gasoline valve causing the flow to shut off by the force of a partial vacuum I provide a single bolt moving at right angles to the main line of stress directly controlled by the diaphragm in this manner. I avoid the complicated lever systems heretofore proposed, with the unreliability that comes from them.

'Ihe object of my invention is,to provide a filling nozzle which will shut oi either when the operator removes his hand from the valve lever, or automatically when the tank is full.

A further object is to provide a lling nozzle which will shut off automatically when the tank is full and which will function equally well when the valve has been opened only part way, giving a reduced flow. as when the valve is opened wide.

A further object is to provide a lling nozzle in which the valve is controlled by a lever, one end of which is manually controlled, the other end of which is automatically released when the level of the liquid flowing through the nozzle has risen in the tank to the end of the nozzle, so that the closing of the valve may be accomplished either manually or automatically.

A further object of the invention is to provide a filling nc "zle in which the valve is controlled by an operating lever, the fulcrum of which is latched in place duringoperation and released only when the vacuum-operated means are made effective by the rising fluid level of the tank.

A further object of the invention is to provide a filling nozzle in which the pressure to open the valve is transmitted from a surface through two rollers to an abutment having a parallel surface with means for releasing the opening pressure quickly and easily by rolling the two rollers on each other and on the two parallel surfaces, past the end of one of the surfaces.

A further object of the invention is to provide a filling nozzle wherein a light spring determines when a latch bolt which controls the automatic a heaVy spring held under stress by the operator,

' which spring shall both shut oi the How, and

store up energy in a third spring, the object of uum an air ejector which remains effective over a wide range of ow.

A further object is to provide a throat below the valve seat of a nozzle designed to fill a tank, the

throat being adapted to increase the velocity of flow at a partial valve opening by constricting the throat without backing up the flow at fullopening. L

A further object is to provide a throat vbelow the valve seat of a filling nozzle whose effective area is varied by a needle as the valve opens and closes, to maintain a substantially constant velocity through the throat over a wide range of valve openings.

A further object is to provide a filling nozzle having a throat below the valve seat designed so that the liquid which has passed through the valve will suck out large volumes of air' even at small valve openings to assure the adequate evacuation of air from the mechanism that trips the valve and shuts oi the flow.

A further object is to provide a lling nozzle wherein a vacuum-operated shutoi mechanism is very reliable because the volume of air withdrawn by the suction of the stream flowing through the nozzle is kept high over a wide range of valve openings and the air drawn in is held down by a constricted inlet opening to the vacuum pipe leading to the nozzle tip.

A further object is to provide a throat below va. valve with means for varying the eii'ective area of the throat in connection with an annular groove around the throat.

A further object is to provide in a filling nozzle a constriction below the valve with straight sides for a little way, merging into an outwardly fiaring cone and a conical extension to the valve disc extending down into the throat.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a filling nozzle embodying the invention. The parts are shown in their position before the nozzle is operated.

Figure 2 is an elevation partly in section showing a modication. 'Ihe parts are shown in position assumed when the valve is held open but after it has been shut off by the automatic mechanism.

the third springwbeing to restore the parts to their initial position after all action has ceased, the flow having stopped, and the hand of the operator released. A

A further objectof the invention is to provide a iilling nozzle wherein a slide carrying the fulcrum for the hand lever is normally moved by a spring in one direction to a position where a latch will engage it, and vacuum means for withdrawing the latch against spring means tending to restore the latch when the vacuum ceases.

A further object is to provide incident to the control of an automatic shutoff nozzle by a vac- Figure 3 is an end elevation, partly in section,

of either the nozzle shown in Figure 1 or Fig-l ure 2.

Figure 4 is an elevation, partly, in section of another modification.

Figure 5 is a chart showing the available and necessary-:\pressure at various rates of ilow through the nozzle.

Valve body I8 is threaded at I for attachment to the usual gasoline hose 40. This hose may be the usual gasoline hose 40. 'I'his hose may be connected with any of the standard types of power-operated pumps. Generally a motor is started when the hose is taken from the hook of the pump and this motor builds up a. gasoline pressure in hose 40 and nozzle body I8. No delivery is registered until a flow is established by the opening of the valve. Attached to the valve body I8 is a guard 2 intended to prevent the accidental operation of lever 4. Lever 4 is designed 'to be operated by the ngers of the hand grasping the valve body I8. A stop limiting the opening movement of lever 4, such as a slot in guard 2 is provided. the end of the slot 3, which serves as the stop. Lever 4 serves to lift valve stem 5 which carries cone I0 and valve disc I5. A nut IB holds cone and valve disc in position on the stem. Valvestem 5 passes through a packing gland 8 in plug 1 with the customary wear takeup 6. The other end of the valve body is closed by a plug I9. A spring I1 reacting against this plug I9 serves to assist the fluid pressure to push the valve disc I5 down upon its seat I4. Some distance below valve seat I4 is a contraction which may consist of a ring I3 forced into place against a shoulder in valve body Il.

Below the ring I3 is a space I2 which connects with an air passage 23 extending into the charnber 29 which is also contained within the valve body I8. Below the circular passage I2 is a contracted cylinder portion II below which the passage spreads out into a cone 9. Cone III lies within the passage just described leaving a limited annular opening through which lthe fluid coming from the valve I5 passes. The fluid emerging from the expanding cone 9 passes through the -space 24. divides around a. post 43 in the passage, and unites in the discharge outlet. The front face of the chamber 20 is closed oil by a flexible diaphragm 39.

This diaphragm is held in place by a retaining ring 38 which also carries ears 3 I Discharge tube 26 .is attached .to the nozzle body to convey the fluid to the container and down through this tube extends la smaller tube 28 which is connected to vacuum chamber 20, at one end, andthe other end is restricted by an orifice 5U extending out through the wall of tube 26 near its outlet.

Lever 4 is pivoted at 25 on member 21 rwhich slides in a hole in post 43. A spring 29 is pushing upwards against hub 30 of cam slotted head 32 which is pinned to the sliding member 21. This head carries an L-shaped -slot 31. Through this L-shaped slot pass two rollers 34. 'Ihese rollers roll on eac-h other and on the parallel surfaces 35 of ear 3I. Thus the assemblage comprising pivot 25, stem 21, head 32 cannot move downwards as long as the rollers 34 are in rthe position shown in Figure 1. In that position any stress along the axis of stem 21 will be transmitted to the surface 35 at right angles thereto, and thence through retaining cap 38 to the body of the device.

Rollers 34 also pass through a third slot. This is a narrow slot just wide enough to allow the two rollers, and this slot is attached to a stem 2I which passes through diaphragm 39 and is retained thereagainst by a nut. A light spring 22 tends to push diaphragm 39 and actuator 33 into the position shown in Figure 1.

In the operation of this device the parts being in the position shown in Figure 1, the operator grasps valve body I8, lifting lever 4 with his finger. Normally he will lift it until it reaches stop 3. Should this be too great a rate f ow the handle 4 will not be lifted quite so high. Pivot 25 is immovable as long as the rollers 34 in the L-shaped slot 31 in the head 32 prevent it from moving. That is a-s long as the rollers 34 remain in the position shown in Figure 1 where they bear against surfaces 35 in a -piece attached to the body of the nozzle.

When lever 4 is lifted it will lift the valve stem 5. As valve stem rises cone I9 and valve disc I5 are lifted and the valve-closing spring I1 is compressed. Fluid immediately flows through the valve between valve disc I5 and valve seat I4.

As this fluid passing through the Valve reaches ring I3 some distance below the valve it passes through the annular space betweenA cone I0 and the ring I3. Depending upon the amount that the valve is lifted the cone will open a larger or smaller area. of ilow between itself and the ring I3. 'I'his fluid continues past the circular opening I2. Because of the contraction described the flow, in the annular space is at a rapid rate andl the static pressure as it passes I2 is less than atmospheric. That creates a suction 'drawing air from the circular passage I2. The fluid carrying this air with it then passes through the cylindrical passage I I, losing in speed as the annular area of ow increases toward the lower end of the cone, emerging into the outerv cone 9` extends .to an orifice 50, near the lower end of Y the nozzle. The vacuum created in space 20 thus is not sufficient to draw 'the diaphragm 39 inward against the light compression spring 22.

Thus air continues to pass through line 28 into space 20, passage 23, annular passage I2 into the gasoline Iand is discharged with it into the gasoline tank.

This condition continues until the rise of liquid in the gasoline container being filled immerses the orifice SII. The device proceeds to draw fluid through the orifice and would continue to do so in the same manner that air was drawn through, were it not that it requires so much greater head to force the denser fluid, the liquid, through the same orifice that the air has passed .through that there is an immediate rise :in vacuum pressure. almost as sharp as if the opening had been sealed entirely. In a manner therefore the liquid itself -forms the plug and only a few drops will actually enter t-he tube before the pressure has so built up that the atmosphere will push the diaphragm 39 inward against the resistance of spring 22. The diaphragm carries with it actuator 33. 'Ihis actuator, it will be recalled, contains a slot which pushes against the rollers 34. These rollers are under considerable pressure but as the two rollers roll on each other and on the surface 35, only a very small pressure is required to roll them toward the rounded point forming the inside fillet of the L-shaped slot 31 in head 32. As soon as these rollers reach this edge they snap over into rthe position shown in Figure 2, the hand remaining in the position already described, spring I1 expanding, assisted by the fluid pressure carrying the pivot point 25 at the other end of the lever down and compressing the jsprng 29.

The ow having ceased air will no longer be drawn out of the chamber 20, the vacuum disappears and light spring 22 attempts to restore actuator 33 and rollers 34 to the position shown in Figure 1 but is unable to do so until head 32 has again been lifted.

Head 32 is lifted by the restoring spring 29 asV soon as the operator removes his hand from lever 4. Thus, once the valve has been tripped, it is necessary for the operator to removed his hand allowing the Valve to reset itself before again opening it.

A guard 36 encloses the latch mechanism. No

y fluid enters the latch mechanism chamber.

An alternate form is shown in Figure 2. The

nozzle is shown in the condition when the operator is stillholding the lever 4 up but the trip mechanismv has functioned allowing the fulcrum 25 to move downward. Spring Il has pushed the valve disc I5 against the seat I4, closing' oir the flow. In this form the valve body, I8, below the seat I4, flares outward in the form of a cone 44. The air suction passage 23 extends from the wall of this cone to vacuum chamber 20. The conical opening 44 is closed by a cone-shaped plug 42 which slides loosely on stem 5 against the pressure of spring 4I. When the valve is open, the fluid flowing in the manner previously described, between valve seat I4 and-disc I5 pushes the plug 42 downward, allowing an annular stream to flow between the plug and cone 44. The increased rate of ow through this contracted annular section assures a negative pressure at the outlet of passage 23 and creates suction in chamber 20. The end of passage 23 may lead into an annular passage I2 in the manner shown in Figure 1 if desired. 'The further the valve is opened, the larger the flow, the further the plug 42 will be depressed and the larger the cross section of the annular stream passing between the plug 42 and the cone 44. Thus there is no obstruction of the free ow of uid through the nozzle and yet the passage is contracted as the ow decreases.

From the foregoing description it will be un;V derstood that the tripping of the latch mechanism depends on an increase of vacuum in the space 20 when the orifice 50 is immersed in the liquid, The latch mechanism must not operate under the low vacuum developed when air is being drawn through orifice 50, yet it must trip at the vacuum developed when the liquid attempts to enter the orice. The low vacuum at a high rate of gasoline ow through the nozzle must still Cil iiuid in which the nozzle is immersed but that it also becomes larger as the rate of flow increases. By varying the proportions of the nozzle, curves 54, 55, may be changed in direction; they may even slope to the opposite direction.

If a horizontal line 56 be drawn to represent the pressure required upon the diaphragm to actuate the tripping mechanism it may come close to, or even intersect, lines 55, or 54. This indicates that at a very low flow the suction may not be suilicient to positively overcome the light spring 22 even when the container is full. At a higher now the amount of suction generated even with the orice open may suiilce to shut oil' the flow before the tank is full. To prevent unreliability which would result therefrom, the pressure required to shut off the valve may be modified to also change with the rate of flow so that it will be modified to conform to a line such as 5l whose ordinates will always lie intermediate the ordinates of the pressure exerted on the diaphragm with the orifice open and with I cation of the L-shaped slot in head 32. Por- Y. tion 64 of the short leg of the L-shaped slot be below the tripping point of the latch mechaf nism or else the valve will close before the orince has been immersed. On the other hand the vacuum developed when orifice 50 is immersed in the liquid must be sufficiently high to operate the latch mechanism even at low rates of flow through the nozzle assembly.

The purpose of many of the features of the invention described has been to secure such positive operation over a considerable range of discharge by securing a well defined, denite, spread between the suction exerted upon the diaphragm when the orice is opened to the air and when it is immersed in the liquid. If the light spring 22 is designed to resist the lower of these two pressures, exerted when the orice is not immersed, the variations in these two pressures due to ilow must not be so great that under some conditions of ow the pressure with the orice in air approaches the vacuum pressure under other conditions of flow when the orifice is immersed in the liquid.

The refinements shown might permit this were it not for the necessity of maintaining the nozzle compact. This creates various ow losses that introduce a factor dependent upon the rate of flow.

In Figure 5 the vertical ordinates 52 represent the vacuum pressure measured in inches of water. The horizontal abscissa, 53, represent the rate of flow expressed in gallons per. minute. Experience has shown that for any particular no zzle two curves 54, 55, may be drawn. Curve 54 indicates that in this particular nozzle the vacuum increases somewhat with the increase in the rate of flow when the orince is open, Curve 55 shows similarly that the suction on the diaphragm, expressed in inches of water, is always higher when the suction orifice is closed by the (ill against which the stacked rollers 34 rest may be inclined so that there is a horizontal component which will assist or oppose the light spring 22 which tends to prevent the movement of the diaphragm 39. For a nozzle having the characteristics shown in the chart, Figure 5, cam B4 is sloped to create additional resistance to the movement of rollers 34 and the latch. It should `be noted that the cam 64 is not the equivalent of sloping a latch bolt face to make it more sensitive by overcoming friction. For the particular nozzle illustrated, after going to the pains of securing a frictionless latch which employs rollers, 34, we actually create a horizontal component that resists the movement of the latch. This component is a function of the pressure of spring I1 on valve disc I5. This pressure will vary with the increase of valve opening-the higher the pressure in the spring l1 the harder surface 54 will be forced against the rollers 34. It is evident that, depending on the shape of the surface 64, which may be tilted one way or the other, the amount of corrective force that aids or resists spring 22 may vary with the higher pressure on spring I'I incident to a wider or narrower opening of the valve and the line 51 may be inclined at such an angle on the chart 5 as to place all parts of line 51 well intermediate curves 55 and 56.

This invention in its. broader aspects is not limited to the specic mechanism shown and described but departures may be made therefrom within the scope of the accompanying claims without departing from the principles of the lnvention and without sacricing its chief advantages.

I ciaim: l

l. A device for insertion into a container to be lled with liquid comprising in combination a valve body having a fluid passage therein, a self closing valve in said body, manual means for opening said valve including a disengageable means to permit the closing of said valve even when said manual means is held actuated, a sliding member for holding said disengageable means in valve actuatable position and having a shoulder thereon transverse to the direction of sliding, a restraining member adapted to engage restraining member a diaphragm for actuating said actuator a chamber in the valve body closed by the diaphragm, a connection from the chamber to the iluid passage whereby the flow of liquid through said valve will create suction on said diaphragm, and an air inlet located near the nozzle outlet and connected to relieve the suction on said diaphragm.

2. A device in accordance with claim 1 in which the valve body has a'shoulder opposite to the shoulder on said sliding member and the restraining member comprises a pair of rollers between said shoulders to vrestrain the movement of said sliding member and one of said shoulders is provided with a recess to receive said rollers when said actuator has been moved laterally by said diaphragm, to permit the sliding of said member, to allow said valve to close.

3. In a device for insertion into a container to be filled with liquid, in combination, a valve body, a valve within the body controlling the ilow of liquid through the body, a spring tending to close the valve, manual means for opening the valve against the spring, means for releasing the restraint' upon the valve 'while the manual means are still actuated, a restoring spring for the release means which is stressed by the expansion of the valve closing spring, a bolt normally holding the releasing means which may be moved against its own restoring spring, so arranged that upon the release of the hand from the manual means the stressed restoring spring will return the release means to initial position and allow the bolt-restoring spring to restore the bolt to its initial position.

4. A device for insertion into a container to be iilled with liquid comprising, in combination, a valve body having a valve seat, a self-closing 'valve in the valve body, means' for manually holding the valve open, means for disabling the device having an air inlet adjacent to the outlet end o1' said discharge nozzle and connected to the air chamber, and constructed and arranged to admit air to said air chamber from said air inlet.

6. A device for insertion into a container to be filled with liquid, comprising in combination a valve body having a fluid passage and a nozzle a self closing control valve having a stem in the body, a movable stud connected to said body, a manually operable lever pivoted on said stud and engaging said stem whereby it may tulcrum either on said stud or on said stem, stud connections constructed and arranged normally to hold said stud in ilxed position, a chamber closed by a diaphragm, a diaphragm actuated means for releasing said stud connection, the parts being so constructed and arranged that said valve may close on release of said stud connection, a restricted air inletadjacent to the liquid discharge end of the nozzle, and connections whereby the flow of liquid through said iluid passage will draw air through said restricted inlet and from the chamber, into the iluid passage, and said suction is increased to operate said diaphragm when said air inlet is closed by immersion.

"I, A device for insertion into a containerv to be lled with liquid comprising, in combination, a valve body, a self closing valve in the body, a fulcrum support movable relative to the body, a manually operable valve control lever which iulcrums on the fulcrum support, said fulcrum support being spring urged in one direction and normally held in a xed position by an antifriction latch comprising an abutme'nt on the device, having a track, parallel stacked rollers constructed andl arranged to be interposed between and to transmit pressure in succession between the track on the fulcrum support and the track on the abutment, means for rolling the parallel rollers upon each other and upon the tracks, to release the latch.

manual means for holding the valve open, means to set the disabling means in motion, including a device having an air inlet located near the nozzle outlet, in position to be submerged when the container is lled, the body havinga contracted flow section formed by the valve seat and an expanding section beyond the valve seat, there being provided an air outlet constructedA and arranged to be acted upon by liquid as it flows through the expanding section, to draw air from the air inlet into the stream of liquid passing through the expanding section and means constructed and arranged to vary the area-of the expanding section with the volume of uid flowing at any given time so as to assure a relatively uniform suction head throughout the operating range of ilow through the device.

5. A device for insertion into a container to be iilled with liquid comprising in combination a valve body, having a discharge nozzle, containing an air chamber, and a movable diaphragm comprising one wall of said chamber, a self-closing control valve in the valve body, a lever pivoted about a fulcrum, and adapted, by manual operation about the fulcrum to unseat the valve, mechanical means for restraining the movement oi the fulcrum of the lever, means for connecting the diaphragm to the restraining means for holding the latter in restraining position, there being 8. A device of the character described adapted for use with a vacuum operated mechanism comprising a valve chamber. a valve seat in said chamber, a valve cooperating with said seat,

a throat positioned to receive the liquid as it passes from the passage between said valve and valve seat and arranged to form a discharge channel oi.' expanding area and including means to vary the discharge area. of said channel, as the volume of discharge varies. said throat having an annular groove in its surface in position to be acted upon by the passage of liquid through 'said valve to create a suction in said groove,

and an air passage leading from said channel valve, xa valve stem for said valve extending through said throat and having a conical portion thereon constructed and arranged to vary the throat area approximately in proportion to the volume owing, thus giving an approximately constant velocity through the throat, there being an annular groove within said throat below said valve seat in position to be subjected to a suction effect by the ilow of liquid through the device, and a passage leading from said channel for connection to the vacuum operatedmechanism.

10. A device of the character described adapt.- ed for use with a vacuum operated mechanism, comprising in combination a valve and valve seat within the casing, a stem for raising the valve seat to a varying degree, said device having a throat below the valve seat comprising a contracted portion below the valve seat, a cylndrical section and an expanding section below the cylindrical section, said cylindrical section having an annular groove around its upper end, whereby it is acted upon by liquid iiowing through the device to create a suction eifect. said valve stem having an inverted conical section below the valve extending axially downward through the contracted throat so that the annular area between the valve body and the said conical section decreased--to the end of the said contracted portion, and as it comes opposite the groove, increases during the length of the cylindrical section and further increases through the expanding section.

11. A device for insertion into a container to be nlled with liquid comprising in combination. a valve body containing a uid passage. a valve seat therein, a valve disc, a spring within the body adapted to seat the valve disc on the valve seat, a stem for unseating the valve disc, a slide movable within the valve body carrying a lever support, a lever supported in the slide which, when manually operated, will lift the valve stem unseating the valve disc, a catch holding the slide against movement, a diaphragm attached to the catch, a chamber in the valve -body closed by the diaphragm, a passage leading from the "chamber lto the uid passage through which air is drawn by the uid, creating a vacuum in the chamber, an air line extending from the chamber to the atmosphere proximate to the end of 

